Writing Assignment Race And Sports - 1505 Words

Exam # 3: ESS 330 Writing assignment: Race and Sports Race is defined as a category of people regarded as socially distinct because they share genetically transmitted traits believed to be important by people in a society with power and influence (PPT slide ESS330). In sports, race has and continues to be snared with question, but as former Israeli Olympic athlete Gideon Ariel underscores: â€Å"I know that the American system is very sensitive to statements of black and white. But you cannot defy science. You cannot just say that day is night and night is day. These are facts. And I think it s to the advantage of the black athletes to be proud that God was on their side (Entine, 2000). Many studies of race and sports have used a social definition linking race to the concept of different human bodies (Danielson, 2014). However, Sociologists recognizing the lack of biological evidence for racial classifications have attributed race as connected to other social forces, is unstable, and constantly changing (Cole N, 2015). Thus social cl assifications used for years, which convey the message of black athletes, being in minority, are inferior and at a disadvantage due to poor health, lack of resources, fear of losing cultural identity, poverty and prejudices against participation have now been replaced with definite messages of black athletes having natural physical abilities and their biology made for endurance not seen in whiteShow MoreRelatedI Never Had An Effective English Teacher1564 Words   |  7 Pageswith trees from start to finish. During that race, this man was constantly cheering for the team and while I was running all I could think about was how maybe I was just shutting this teacher out because it had become a habit. After the race, he came up to me and praised my performance, and I set aside my unnecessary, selfish reasons and thanked him. I told him how this sport was the only one I truly had a passion for but my dad demanded I played sports all year long. With me opening up to him andRead MorePerso nal Narrative : The Lost Writer Essay1599 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish examination composition paper within an hour and forty-five minutes. I’m slowly, but surely gaining speed in writing and have finally seen myself in a competition with the two fastest handwriting persons in my class. Yes, I know, I know. It’s hard to believe that this is always happening to me during a composition. Ever since I was a little boy, I’ve always had this fright for writing. With amazing ideas floating in my mind on what to write, for some reason, it was always hard for me to transferRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Friend Who Falls Under All Of These Qualities981 Words   |  4 Pagesaccomplish in this sport. Usually, people only care about themselves, and only ask people to set them up. Aria could easily become one of these people, but this just wasn’t her personality. She would always set everyone up for spikes, even if she didn’t like them. Finally, my last example is that she helps me with my homework. Whenever I have a problem(s) with an assignment, I can easily message her on Skype and she would instantly respond with an explanation on how to do complete the assignment. In additionRead MoreSample Resume : Bed Foundation Phase2218 Words   |  9 Pages Sadie Dass 16006169 BED Foundation Phase Introduction to Scholarship (Assignment) Due Date: 15 March 2016 Cell phone number: 071 252 8619 Jo Anne Tiedt Signature: ------------------------ Declaration Date: 15/03/2016 Table of Contents Cover Page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 Question 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Question 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Question 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 6 Question 4†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7Read MoreCapital And Creation Of New Capital925 Words   |  4 PagesFurthermore, through challenging and intense class assignments and writing competition, Jamal is able to transform his aspiration (embodied cultural capital) and bond with Forrester (social capital) into excellent writing skills (new embodied cultural capital). Jamal is often found reading and writing under Forrester’s instruction, but all of these would not have been possible if Jamal has not attended Mailor-Callow, as Forrester states: â€Å"questions of your writing suggest what you are going to do in your lifeRead MoreFunction Of Schools, Capital Exchanging And Building984 Words   |  4 PagesFurthermore, through challenging and intense class assignments and writing comp etition, Jamal is able to transform his aspiration (an embodied cultural capital) and advice from Forrester (a social capital) into excellent writing skills (a new embodied cultural capital). Jamal constantly reads and writes under Forrester’s instruction, but all of these would not have been possible if Jamal does not attend Mailor-Callow, as Forrester states: â€Å"questions of your writing suggest what you are going to do in yourRead MoreADA Research Paper1199 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper was a real eye opener for me on how each of the titles of the ADA must be implemented in a facility. For this assignment, I decided to do it in Miami Dade College fitness center. Once I was there I noticed that each of the room number board have a brailed system which allow blind individuals to know what room number it is. I did not know at the time that it was part of the ADA Title II of the ADA prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in all programs ,Read MoreMy Family s Influence On Your Literacy1727 Words   |  7 Pagesbiography of your family’s influence on your literacy In a small city like Tucson, Arizona that is close to the border of Mexico also including myself the education was the biggest problem for many, also including myself. Growing up within my community and race, one of my biggest challenges that I faced in my education was me not being allowing to speak my first language, Spanish, since I started in elementary until now. Many English Second Language Learned tend to forget to speak their first language primaryRead MoreRace : The Power Of Illusion, Microbiologist Pilar Ossorio996 Words   |  4 PagesJessica Zhu Short Writing Assignment 4/17/17 Race is a hot topic in our world. We all think we know what race is. After all, we are constantly being bombarded with it whether it be from media, politics, or sports. The truth is that race does not revolve around the idea of biological traits or characteristics. It is a modern concept that we as a society have created to divide people into categories. I will argue that race is socially constructed from a biological, political history, and sociologicalRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Successful Online Learning902 Words   |  4 PagesInternet technology, particularly with regards to navigating Internet and intranet sites.† (Taormino) Being technically efficient is a must for successful online learnings. Technology, via the computer and internet, will be the medium in which assignments are received and submitted, commutation with the instructor is achieved, and the way students interact and build relationships with others in the online learning community. Without the effecti ve use of technology online learner will not be successful

Mission Theology Of The Bible - 1203 Words

Introduction To understand â€Å"Mission Theology† we first have separate the two words. Mission is the vocation or calling of a religion organization, especially a Christian one, to go out into the world and spread its faith (Oxford Dictionaries). Theology is the study of God or the study of the nature of God and the relationship between the human and divine. In the textbook we use for class which is called â€Å"Introducing World Missions† we are told that the word â€Å"missions† (which ending with the letter â€Å"s†) is the word that is used to explain â€Å"the particular assignment of making disciples of all nations.† We have to understand that the word â€Å"mission† refers to everything the church does that indicates concerning the Kingdom of God. Mission Theology is known as God’s relationship in mission and how he develops his creation. Biblical Text Related to Mission The bible states a lot about mission and missions. We begin with Genesis missions have not changed throughout the history of the bible. God were the first one to speak in the bible. He had a mission when he spoke. God had a mission when he acted on something. Later, God had a mission when he sends something or somebody. Both Old and New Testament includes text that relates to God mission to extend salvation to the whole world. Old Testament Walter C. Kaiser the author of chapter two in the book named â€Å"Perspectives on the World Christian Movement† this section includes the Christian period of the call and promise (Winter,Show MoreRelatedGlobal Missions Paper1189 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Global Missions Paper HTH 469/Grand Canyon University 08/24/2014 In this essay I will analyzes Escobars thesis and compares and contrasts his theological contribution with other theologians. I will discussion Escobars contextual approach as compared/contrasted in relation to one theological theme with two other contemporary theologians. I will summarize how Escobars overall theological contribution either expands or challenges the theological perspectives ofRead MoreTheology of Missions Paper1440 Words   |  6 PagesA PAPER SUBMITTED TO IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE Theology of Missions Paper ICST 500 BY TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------1 Encountering Missions in the Old and New Testament-----------1 Mission Theology----------------------------------------------------------4 Effecting the People-------------------------------------------------------4 Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------5 Read MoreThe Challenge Of Organizational Leadership Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding on how Apostle Peter was saying about the principles of the concepts to the challenge of organizational leadership today, I must use the application of exegesis with the guidance of the Holy Spirit. These are my insights. In carrying out his mission, Peter persistently had to struggle with questions of creativity and innovation. In a very significant sense, he had to disconnect himself from his personal culture in order to do so. â€Å"It is important to note the distinction between practicesRead MoreChristianity And Its Impact On The World And The United States1345 Words   |  6 Pagesdate religion, and changed the authority of the Bible and considered other sources of authority to help adapt Christianity into the new modern thinking of their time. â€Å"Reason, culture, experiences and science wou ld all be employed in challenge to the classical authority of revelation.†(Bingham) The father of the Liberalist movement was the German theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher. Schleiermacher made an effort to separate religion from theology. To him religion wasn’t just beliefs or ethicsRead MoreThe Christian Doctrine Of The Trinity943 Words   |  4 PagesOutline the development of the Christian doctrine of the Trinity from the New Testament Church to the Nicene Creed. I will like to crave your indulgence to the fact that Nicene concept of Trinity is never stated in the Bible, and it is that early Christians as well as the scriptures clearly points out the fact that Jesus was fully divine and pre-existent. For the fact that, none of the early Christian theologians fully asserted the doctrine of the Trinity, not even a speculation about the FatherRead MoreReading Romans Of Context : Paul And Third Temple Judaism Essay1354 Words   |  6 Pagesposition at the Houston Baptist University where he is in the Department of Theology and School of Christian Thought. It is in these departments where he helps to teach students with the primary focus of the New Testament and in Theology. In these classes, he particularly likes to specialize in helping the students to understand how Christians from different time periods read the Bible differently and what the importance of the Bible is in both ancient and modern contexts. Dr. Blackwell’s educational ba ckgroundRead MoreTheology of Missions1707 Words   |  7 PagesTHEOLOGY OF MISSIONS A Paper Presented to Dr. James B. King Liberty Theological Seminary In partial fulfillment Of the requirements of GLST 500 By Linda Priddy-Hundley February 28.2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ii Old Testament Texts Relating to Missions 1 New Testament Texts Relating to Missions 2 The Nature of God and Missions 3 Two Aspects ofRead MoreAfter being established in the 1930’s, St George’s crypt in Leeds managed to provide a slow and1100 Words   |  5 Pageslifetime. From looking at this contextually, we are able to look at this charity in relation to the ideas of liberation theology. This concept became very popular throughout history, giving a main focus to the actions of Christians in a community to those who are treated wrongly, not however, by a fault of their own but the structural sin of where they in fact live. This theology provides support in a situation of oppression and discrimination towards all members of society of which this occurs. GustavoRead MoreThe Lecture Of Mission And Culture1035 Words   |  5 PagesREFLECTION PAPER ON THE LECTURE OF MISSION AND CULTURE NOTES ON THE ROAD MORE TRAVELLED: DOING THEOLOGY IN A US CULTURAL CONTEXT Mission and culture have always been inseparable in doing theology in any cultural context. They have always been considered imperatives in the ministry of touching lives. The talk of Fr. John J. Markey, OP on October 12, 2015, at the Catholic Theological Union auditorium had highlighted essential insights and realizations regarding mission and culture in the cultural contextRead MoreThe Charismatic Theology Of St. Luke988 Words   |  4 PagesRoger Stronstad’s book The Charismatic Theology of St. Luke opens wide the vast work of the Holy Spirit within Luke’s two-part book Luke/Acts and points out Luke’s intent to present the full activity of the Holy Spirit from beginning to end. In fact, Stronstad writes, â€Å"[The] concentration of references to the Holy Spirit in the Gospel of Luke demonstrates that the topic of the Spirit is historically and theologically of more interest to Luke than it is to the other evangelists† (Stronstad 39-40)

Movie Summary American Sniper Essay Example For Students

Movie Summary American Sniper Essay At 12 o’clock Friday night, January 2nd, I went to go see the opening premiere of American Sniper, a biographical movie based on a true story. This action movie was directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Jason Hall, the movie was being played at the White Bear Township Theater in White Bear. This location is approximately 45 minutes away from River Falls and its purpose is for people to drive to go see new movies that are being released. Throughout this movie, there was always something going on no matter what. American Sniper is by far one of the best movies I have seen in theaters. There were a lot of parts that made American Sniper an amazing movie but the plot and storyline, the actors, and the ending are what I felt made it an unbelievable movie The plot and story line of this movie was one of the most important things I took out of watching this movie. American Sniper begins by discussing the life of young Chris Kyle, who grew up in Texas. His father would show him how to shoot a gun and hunt for deer. When Chris was growing up he became a rodeo cowboy, but then decided to enlist in the U. S. Navy. After enlisting he was eventually accepted for seal training and then became a U. S. Navy Seal sniper. While he was in training he met the woman of his dreams and they eventually got married. Her name was Taya Renae (figure 1). A couple months later he was deployed to Iraq. â€Å"Chris’s first kills were a little boy and his mother† (American Sniper (film)). He shot them both because they were trying to attack the U. S. marines with a grenade. Chris wasn’t very happy with his first kills because he doesn’t like to hurt people but they were coming after his team and his job is to protect his team, so that’s what he did. The U. S. marine’s goal of going to Iraq was to hunt down al-Qaeda leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi while they would go in and out of houses searching for him. Meanwhile, Chris got sent home for a couple weeks to be with his wife and newborn son. â€Å"He is distracted by memories of his war experiences and argues with Taya over bootleg footage of U. S. Marines shot dead by enemy sniper savages†(Plot Summary). When Chris was home, his wife told him that she â€Å"wishes that he would focus on his home and family more†. Then after a couple weeks Chris was sent back over seas for his second tour and while searching houses he noticed something wasn’t right and found a stash of guns under the floor that a family was hiding. They then proceeded to attack the man and to tell them everything that he knows. After this, he returns home to his newborn daughter. When going back for another tour they finally kill the man that they have been looking for, after many years of looking. After the enemy had been killed, Chris returned home. A couple months went by and he promised an old U. S. Marine that he would help him with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD and while at the gun range the man Chris Kyle promised to help shot him in the head and killed him. Not only did this movie have an amazing story it had exceptional actors that made it so realistic. The director, Clint Eastwood had a very difficult time deciding who should play the role of Chris Kyle; and after thinking long and hard, he picked Bradley Cooper. The things he did throughout the whole movie shaped and say who he really is, yes there were a lot more actors, but in my opinion he was by far the best actor in the film and the most believable. .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .postImageUrl , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:hover , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:visited , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:active { border:0!important; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:active , .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003 .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1257ef0f4ea1a48822f9bc48bd8ef003:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Star Wars and Its Buzz Marketing Campaign EssayKnowing this movie was based on a true story made the story line and plot seem more realistic and easier to understand. Another actor that did a fantastic job was Chris’s wife Taya Kyle. She has been in a lot of other films but I feel that this was one of her more serious films. The life that she had to live was very tough and having to raise their two kids on her own wasn’t easy. The story line and actors play a very important role in this movie. I would like to give most of the credit to the directors that decided to put the ending that they did. The ending was amazing and it shouldn’t have been done any other way. After his wife closed the door and Chris left for the gun range she knew something wasn’t right. Then the screen went black and it went on to tell us that he was shot and then explained everything that he accomplished during his time as a U. S. navy seal. He did so much to help out our world and didn’t deserve to die the way that he did. I also feel that the friend that Chris brought along should have gotten some credit because he was just trying to help but, unfortunately, also got shot. I feel most people only cared about Chris’s death because he was known better throughout the movie then his friend was. Throughout this movie, there was a lot of important things that people should recognize but I suggested the top three things that I think everyone who hasn’t seen this movie should know. This movie is about war and I’m not really about that so I didn’t think that I would enjoy it but like I stated above this is one of my favorite movies and always will be for many years to come. Bibliography: American Sniper. Dir. Clint Eastwood. Perf. Bradley Cooper and Sienna Miller and Max Charles. 2015. Film. American Sniper (film). Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Feb. 2015. Web. 22 Mar. 2015. Plot Summary. IMDb. IMDb.com, 13 Jan. 2014. Web. 22 Mar. 2015.

Reflective Practice in Nursing for Aboriginal -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theReflective Practice in Nursing for Aboriginal Patient. Answer: Carperss fundamental ways of knowing is a systematic process which is helpful in classifying the different sources form which proefessionals can derive knowledge and belifes in professional practice (Carnago and Mast 2015 pp 389). The utility of it can be shown with the help of an event and then sequentially describing the knowledge accordingly. Event description: An aboriginal patient was admitted to the ward by his son and daughter in law where they told that their father is facing severe issues with the pain of osteoarthritis and increased body weight. He had been sleepless the entire night due to the pain and he was found to be very weak. He had been mostly unresponsive to the various questions asked to him and was not willing to cooperate with the nurses who were trying to ease him of the pain. The family members told that he was humiliated as the nurses on duty in the previous hospitals did not maintain his dignity and pressurized their intervention on them. When he wanted to inquire about the intervention, they insulted him saying he was illiterate and a backward class and that he would have no idea even if they discuss their decisions with them. His fear for such humiliation had prevented him to visit other hospitals as well as and hence the situations with his osteoarthritis had become so worse. He was not responding to any questions asked and he was also not cooperating with the treatment interventions given. His self-respect was overpowering his will to live and this created a challenge for the nurses on duty including me. Carpers way of knowing: Empirics: One can gain empirical knowledge form research as well as objective facts. The knowledge usually remains systematically organized in a number of different general laws and also in theories (de Olivera and Toledo 2017 pp 33). The best ways by which empirical knowledge is gained is by the evidence based practices. While I faced the issue with the patient, I tried to search for articles that would help to match up with the case I was handling. The articles that I came across helped me to develop an idea that in such cases, becoming aggressive with the patients or forcing him to take interventions would have negative effects. Instead, developing a therapeutic relationship with him full of compassion and empathy may help him to develop trust on the nursing professionals (Nielson et al. 2014 pp 95). Making him feel important by sharing with him the interventions applied on him and also involving him in decision making was suggested by the researchers who conducted qualitative studies on pa tients with similar symptoms (Hole et al. 2017 pp 1668). Therefore this ways, evidence based practice helped me to develop an idea about how to approach with the task assigned to me and helped me to act as a responsible professional. From this kind of knowing, I learnt that I would use person centered care, value the patients decision making skills, discuss the treatment plan with him and concentrate on developing a therapeutic relationships with him. However, I faced various issues while conducting this procedure as I was not rightly using the correct search terms and therefore it took me a large amount o time to find correct evidences. Hence, is should develop my skill in searching engines for evidence based practices. Esthetics: It mainly refers to the form of nursing where the profession is considered to be an art. Proper knowing of different aspects of the profession with the correct understanding of phenomena is the main central part of this type of knowing (Garrett and Cutting 2015 pp 99). It mainly focuses on the new perspectives that individuals develop when they uncover something new through their interventions and practices while treating for patients. I was previously a follower of routine method of caring where I used to communicate very less with the patients but however never ill treated patients. As a result my introvert behavior offended many patients and they could not open themselves with me. However, with the seriousness of the mentioned patient, I tried to change my working style and with the help of the advices of my mentor nurses, I learnt to strike a right kind of conversation with the patient. I gradually came to understand how developing a therapeutic relationship helped not only me to apply my interventions easily but also helped the patient t get over his insecurities and find a friend and companion in me (Ray 2016 pp 455-460). I gradually noticed that developing a therapeutic relationship with the patient helped the patient to recover faster (Jacob et al. 2016 pp 319). Whereas the empirics helped me to learn about some strategies from evidence based knowledge, esthetics helped me to develop idea form my own experiences. Personal: Personal knowing refers to the knowledge one his about himself or her and also about anything that he or she has experienced or seen. This type of knowledge usually comes through the process of observation, self reflection and self actualization (Robert, Tilley and Peterson 2014 pp 351). It is through this knowledge which when gained by the professional help them to establish the authentic, therapeutic relationships as these attributes help the professional to attain integrity and wholeness. On a personal, level, I had very few experiences as I was a new comer and I needed more time to observe, learn and establish new interventions strategies to handle these situations I could not gain any help from my personal knowledge learning procedure as is was not experienced enough to dvelop personal learning form situations. Ethical: Ethical knowledge helps one develop an idea about his or her moral code along with the sense of knowing what is right and wrong. For a nursing professional, personal ethics are based on the duty to protect and respect human lives (Carnago and Mast 2015 pp: 387). A nurse should always follow the Codes of ethics given forward by the NMBA in order to provide quality care to patients and prevent from getting involved in any legal obligations. Codes of ethics advise us to follow that we should never discriminate any patients based on race, ethnicity, religion, culture and classes. Following the ethics, it becomes duty to maintain cultural competency and to provide the best treatment to the patient according to the norms of the culture practiced by them. Here I learnt that we should never force our decisions on them and should never perform anything that affects their cultural sentiments (Josif et al. 2017 pp 93). I noticed that the person was mostly affected because the previous nurses di d not important to their cultural norms. The patient declared that the nurse had talked with him by directly looking into his eyes which is a symptom of disrespect for them. Moreover, he previous nurse showed cultural biasness when he said that aboriginals are illiterate and they have no proper ways of maintaining health. This is absolutely a violation of the principle of justice where the responsively of a nurse is provide the best quality acre to the patient irrespective of caste, creed and religion (Freeman et al. 2014, pp: 358). The previous nurse had also not maintained his dignity and autonomy of the patient giving him no scope to take decisions for himself. Hence, I as a nurse, would try to be culturally competent and never discriminate between my patients. This results in mental and emotional turmoil in patients which might affect his health. Hence, I came to know that following the codes of ethics and maintaining the principle of autonomy, justice, beneficence and non-, mal eficence are extremely important for providing an ethically safe treatment procedures. Conclusion: The Carpers system of knowing helps to provide us a systematic process of reflecting on the procedure of the development of knowledge. Empirically, I used a large number of evidence based journals which showed that person centered care can help in the present situation where an aboriginal patient should be treated in a culturally competent environment, allowing him to participate in decision making. Esthetically, I learned how to be more compassionate and empathetic towards my patent and develop a successful relationship with him unlike the routine care of patients that I used to carry on for all patients. I believe with the passage of time, I would develop personal knowledge to cope such strenuous situations. However, ethically, I learnt that how not being compliant with the ethics and not following the principles of justice, autonomy, beneficence and non maleficence may have negative effects on the patients. If a similar situation arise again in front of me, I would recommend prope r reading of journal based articles, develop aesthetic sense and aligning more with the code of ethics and following the principles of nursing would help anyone who overcomes the situation. I would also recommend that I should also perform proper reflective skills and self actualization and closely observe every experience to become expert in the profession. References: Cameron, B.L., Plazas, M.D.P.C., Salas, A.S., Bearskin, R.L.B. and Hungler, K., 2014. Understanding inequalities in access to health care services for Aboriginal people: a call for nursing action.Advances in Nursing Science,37(3), pp.E1-E16. Carnago, L. and Mast, M., 2015. Using ways of knowing to guide emergency nursing practice.Journal of Emergency Nursing,41(5), pp.387-390. de Olivera, A. and Toledo, V.P., 2017. Nursing care in first-episode psychotic patients: a qualitative study. In5 Congresso Global de Investigao Qualitativa em Sade. Investigao Qualitativa em(Vol. 10, No. 2, p. 33). Freeman, T., Edwards, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Jolley, G., Javanparast, S. and Francis, T., 2014. Cultural respect strategies in Australian Aboriginal primary health care services: beyond education and training of practitioners.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,38(4), pp.355-361. Garrett, B.M. and Cutting, R.L., 2015. Ways of knowing: realism, non?realism, nominalism and a typology revisited with a counter perspective for nursing science.Nursing inquiry,22(2), pp.95-105. Hole, R.D., Evans, M., Berg, L.D., Bottorff, J.L., Dingwall, C., Alexis, C., Nyberg, J. and Smith, M.L., 2015. Visibility and voice: Aboriginal people experience culturally safe and unsafe health care.Qualitative health research,25(12), pp.1662-1674. Holland, K., 2017.Cultural awareness in nursing and health care: an introductory text. CRC Press. Jacob, E., Raymond, A., Jones, J., Jacob, A., Drysdale, M. and Isaacs, A.N., 2016. Exploration of nursing degree students content expectations of a dedicated Indigenous health unit.Collegian,23(3), pp.313-319. Josif, C.M., Kruske, S., Kildea, S.V. and Barclay, L.M., 2017. The quality of health services provided to remote dwelling aboriginal infants in the top end of northern Australia following health system changes: a qualitative analysis.BMC pediatrics,17(1), p.93. Nielsen, A.M., Alice Stuart, L. and Gorman, D., 2014. Confronting the cultural challenge of the whiteness of nursing: Aboriginal registered nurses perspectives.Contemporary nurse,48(2), pp.190-196. Ray, M.A., 2016.Transcultural caring dynamics in nursing and health care. FA Davis. Robert, R.R., Tilley, D.S. and Petersen, S., 2014. A power in clinical nursing practice: concept analysis on nursing intuition.Medsurg Nursing,23(5), pp.343-350.

The Tokyo String Quartet free essay sample

After watching their fine performance at Jordan Hall in February, I marveled at the Tokyo String Quartets magical musicianship. Not only does each of the four performers play with command and complete control of their instruments, but they play with sensitivity as well. The ensemble opened the concert with an early Haydn quartet (Opus 20, No. 2), which was played in a delightfully spirited manner. The heart of the concert followed, with Benjamin Brittens Quartet No. 2, a complex but startling work written in response to World War II. The piece was introduced by Peter Oundjian, the groups first violinist, who informed the audience that at last he, being British, had convinced his otherwise Asian ensemble to perform this British work. After intermission, Beethovens Quartet No. 7 closed the concert, and proving themselves to be true professionals, the group performed the challenging work without a flaw. The tempos did feel a little fast throughout the first and last movements, but the players worked hard to stay in control. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tokyo String Quartet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The group worked as a unit in complete sync, listening and playing with each other throughout even the most difficult passages. They also demonstrated their enjoyment of the music they played during their two encores, smiling and moving with the music. One of the finest ensembles in the world, the Tokyo Quartet played beyond all expectations, demonstrating what true musicianship means. n

Definition Essay Essays - Measurement, Confidence, Emotions

Definition Essay Essays - Measurement, Confidence, Emotions Definition Essay Most of life's situations are learning experiences. People can learn what activities are right or wrong for them by experiencing these emotions in different situations. These learning experiences can take place at home, school, the office or anywhere else. The experiences that have given me confidence in my ability to learn takes place at the activities I do daily. Confidence has helped me perform better at school as well. I believe that a person who gains confidence will succeed more in life than a person who does not. Because confidence is believing that you can succeed and as long as you believe that you can do it. You can. Although it is true that confidence is in each and everyone of us, some people disagree because of their lack of trust in themselves. the meaning of confidence dates back from Rome in the 15th century, stems from the latin words confidentia and confidentem. At that time it meant " firmly trusting, bold". The definition of confidence has changed since then, websters dictionary defines confidence as " a feeling or belief that you can do something well"; a belief that someone or something is good or has the ability to succeed at something". Obviously this meaning is accurate and understandable but there are other meanings people give to explain what real confidence for them is, like this one quote I read on google says that " confidence is appreciating how awesome you are". Just like confidence, self confidence is esssential to have because having this emotion will boost up your self esteem. Because once your confident you will realize your self worth and value yourself more. Though it is good to have confidence some people who gain confidence tend to take it a too far. As dictated by Melanie moushigian Koulouris, "Be humble in your confidence yet courageous in your character". Meaning never loose your sense of character , as confidence can sometimes over power you and make you look brash and arrogant. Every one needs confidence, because real confidence comes from you and no one else. No one can make you have confidence. It is only when you believe in yourself will you realize that you had confidence in you all along. For instance, in the business world, a good business man shows confidence in his meetings and business lunch's by using large gesticulations, projecting his voice and speaking slower. Gaining confidence will also improve your oral communication skills by making you feel sure about your feedback to the sender. Confidence is like writing a long essay and submitting it to your professor without looking it over or checking for any error. And most of all, confidence is being comfortable with what you're doing.

Other Organizational Forms for Small Businesses (Busniess Law) Essay

Other Organizational Forms for Small Businesses (Busniess Law) - Essay Example It is the most popular kind of business. The owner of the business enjoys some advantages such as exemption from paying the corporate income tax. Also, he is his own boss, hence, able to keep the business secrets and make take total control of the business.This form of business is cheap and easy to form and dissolve without necessarily going through procedures like the other forms. The fact that the owner keeps all the profit is another highlight and motivation of sole proprietorship. However, this business form has its own shortcomings. For instance the owner is subject to unlimited liability of business debts. There is no separation between the business property and personal property. Therefore, creditors can extend to personal property to pay for their claims. The starting capital for this business can be an obstacle due to lack of source of financing. This can also hinder the expansion of the business due to limited capital. It can also experience management problems especially if the owner is not familiar with such areas. The owner may lose everything in cases where the liabilities are too much to bear. It also lacks continuity because its existence entirely depends on the existence of the owner. In a partnership, two or more people come together and form a business with a view of making profit. Each member is called a partner the members are collectively known as partnership firm. It consists of 2 to 20 people. The members require a partnership deed or agreement which is a document containing all the written agreements. Such agreements include names of the partners, how profit and losses will be shared, banking accounts, date of commencement, rights and duties of the members etc. Advantages of this form of business include the sharing of losses. There is also more available capital to start and expand the business. Responsibilities are shared hence it is not a burden to one person like in

Heritage Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Heritage Tourism - Essay Example It always includes the enjoyment of cultural resources, historical origins, and the natural resources of a particular region. Heritage tourism normally helps in promoting and preserving the cultural values of a specific region or society. Therefore, it is beneficial to the tourists, as well as to the local people who are visited by the tourists. Novelli (2009) denotes that the major motivation of special interest tourism is to enjoy a specific facility, culture or activity of a particular region. Therefore, the major motivation of special interest tourism is to experience these new products, cultures and facilities. Heritage tourism, as a special interest tourism is able to make tourists experience some cultural values of a particular region or place. Tourists are specifically interested in the cultural values or practices of the region under consideration (Thomas, 2004). An example can include an interest to explore the Italian art, or even an interest to experience the Brazilian music. These are specific cultural activities that a tourist would seek to enjoy. Based on these facts, it is possible to classify heritage tourism as an example of specific interest tourism (Patterson, 2006). Novelli (2009) is a great proponent of classifying culture as an example of special interest tourism. This is because the major intention of tourists is to explore the cultural values and beliefs of a specific region or place that they have visited. Spenceley (2008) provides an example of the grand tour trips that was common in the 16th century in Europe. These were trips made by young rich or noblemen in Europe (Walton, 2005). Their major intention was to explore the various cultural values in Europe, and America. They were specifically interested in classical antiquity, and the renaissance art, that was taking shape in Europe (Walton, 2005). This is an example of heritage tourism, because it aims

History - american revolutionary period 1763-1815 Essay

History - american revolutionary period 1763-1815 - Essay Example large states and other such inequitable situations by using the idea of population as a representative measure while keeping a level of parity between states. The compromise reached at the convention is called the Connecticut Compromise and the Great Compromise under which two houses of government were created for the American people (Wikipedia, 2007). This was essentially an amalgamation of the Virginia Plan which focused on majority populations being more important than equality and the New Jersey Plan which called for equal representation regardless of population size. In the compromise, the House of Representatives would have population levels based representation while the upper house of the Senate would have two representatives from each state. The ‘issue’ of slave populations affecting the representative strengths of a given member state was settled by a three-fifths compromise under which each slave was counted as 3/5th of a human being (Brinkley et. al., 2006). Essentially, it seems that the compromise was one for the sake of expediency since it gave equal representation to all states in the upper house without disregarding the population structures in the lower house. I disagree with the first part of the statement but I am in complete agreement with the second part. I feel that Washington played a very important role in the war for America and it is difficult to imagine other generals of his caliber taking his place when a man like him was needed on the ground. Without leadership, the rag tag army of farmers and merchants could have hardly hoped to defeat the might of the British Empire which was more or less at its zenith during the American Revolution (Sparks, 2006). The revolution could not have been won without a man like Washington leading the armies and conducting the war effort. On the other hand, to say that it was Washington who actually created the United States as a true nation is not an

Construct Theory of Personality | Analysis

Construct Theory of Personality | Analysis Describe Kellys personal construct theory of personality, and compare this approach with other psychological theories of personality. Over the years psychologists have developed different theories to define observable differences in individual’s personalities (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). The history of personality psychology datedates vack for man centuries and has been traced as far as four centries before Christ (Cervone, 2013). Earlier records of personality theories all tended to have a philosophical basis. Suc as Aristotle who believed that personality could be broken down into four facors, iconic which ddepicted an individuals social place within society (Ryckman, 2012).). During the mid 18th century personality theories began to move towards meurological assumptions to explain behaviour and personality which adopted an anatomy perspective, for example Gall argued that by measuring the skull explanations could be drawn regarding an individuals personality type (ref). During the 1920’s Freud famousy conceptualised personality traits in relation with conscious and unconcsioucs thoughts which depicte d behaviour (ref). The psychodynamic approach move towars humanist approaches to personality in the 1940’s and 1950s with Maslows development of th eh hierarchy of needs approach theoryRogers in the latte 1950s who argued that we strive to acieve our best according to our persoaity taking influence fro the likes of Maslow (Ryckman, 2012). Finally, cognitive psychology is the most modern approach to understanding personality. Cognitive psychology refers to the study of mental processes and adopts a more biological approach which has been integrated significantly into modern understanding of personality psychology (Eysenck Keane, 2010). Personality theories attempt to understand behavioural variation in individuals using a range of psychological characteristic definitions such as introvert and extrovert personality types (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). A significant amount of earlier research focused upon personality traits as being heritable particularly in the behaviourist and ps ychodynamic theories (Eaves, Eysench, Martin, Eaves, 2014) and before the 1950’s it was generally accepted that personality traits were inherited which followed with an influx of twin based studies (Allport, 1937). In 1955, George Kelly developed the personal construct theory. Personal construct theory was designed as an alternative approach to understanding individual personality which viewed personality as an individual experience (Maktby, Day Macaskill, 2007). During the 1950’s Kelly revolutionalised the ways in which personality and human understanding were approached by moving away from the behaviourist and psychodynamic approaches. Instead the personal consttuct theory was deeply scientific adopting a phenomenological approach which moved away from the more favoured observational approaches to personality research methodology (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). Using this phenomenological approach personal construct theory allows for variation to be made in personality so as not to refine it into categories but whilst also accepting that personality can change either thrugh individual of social influences (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). Additionally, the sceitnific approach to personal construc t theory means that it take a qualitative research perspective which give s the teory greater research power than other methods such as the psychodynamic and behaviourist which are heavily biased towards quantitative methodologies.(Ryckman, 2012). The personality construct theory changed personality theory in the 1950’s by presenting the view that people should be treated as scientists. Kelly argued that individuals undertake an ongoing experiment from which their understanding of the world continually develops ( Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). Kelly believed that during this experimental process the individual would internalise ideas of reality which would lead to a greater understanding of the world (Kelly, 1963). Interpretations, observations, experiences formed the basis of the personality construct theory (Kelly, 1963). The personal construct psychology stance challences the notion that experience should simply be separated into categories of thining and feeling and how these impact upon individual personality and behaviour (Raskin, 2013). Kelly successfully argued towards a scientific, quantifiable approach to understanding personality traits however, the approach has received extensive criticism for failing to incorpor ate an account for emotion. Chiari (2013) has stated that previously Kelly’s approach to the personal construct theory has failed to include the role of emotion whch is considered by many modern psychologists to be fundamental to the development of personality. Chiari (2013) has stated that instead Kelly overlooks what would experiences which would normally come under the realms of emotion and suggested instead constructivist epistemology approach. However, it has been argued that the use of tese transitions o not aquately account for the role of emotion in human life (Chiari, 2013). For example, the cognitive approach to understanding personality has viewed personality relate to resulted in a deficit in the schemata which wauses issues relate to judgement and cognitive error (Eysenck Keane, 2010). Fundamental to Kelly’s approach and what seperates the pesnal construct theory from other approaches is the argument that expectation and prediction drive the human mind ((Maktby, Day, Macaskill, 2007). Kelly believed that from this events can be predicted and anticipated in a process of continual personal development which was not centred upon predisposed genetics or biological factors (Maktby, Day, Macaskill, 2007). Kelly (1963) believed passionately that personality development aimed for the individual to achieve utmost knowledge of the world around them from which they could develop a sense of self and belonging (Maktby, Day, Macaskill, 2007). Similarly to Kelly (1963) Rogers (1947) believed that perception of self was the driving factor behind behaviour and understanding of the world and based successful non-directive theory upon this principle Similarly to Kelly, Rogers believed that personality development was a lifelong, ongoing process of development (Rogers, 1963) . However, Rogers’s theory of self-actualisation has been heavily criticised for providing very limited understanding and application within human personality in the twentieth century and in modern western society (Geller, 1982). Viktor Frnkl was another highly inflencital humanist psychologist Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist.Frankl delwas highly influential in the development of existential therapy as well as being a source of significant in the development of humanist psychology. Frankl was a holocaust survivor and a great deal of his work fucesd upon seeing positive in the darkest of scenarios, his work on suicisde prevention strategies received significant attention.Frankl belived that people were innately driven by a desire to find meaning in life which allowed people to survive and overcome incredibly dark and traumatic experiences.Franks experience in the concentration camps shaped his therapeutic approach and philospophical approach to psychology. Franl’s work demonstrated the impact of socio-polictical influences on personal development by demonstrating the innate human drive to find positives in desperate circumstances and suffericng. George Kelly believed that humans had an innate need to gain knowledge and experiences from their environment throughout all stages of life (Butt, 2008). Dependent upon these life experiences the personal construct theory presented a flexible and highly person centred approach to personality (Kelly, 1963). Kelly believed that by constructing a situation based upon previous experience and what we have learnt from similar in the past allows individuals to be active problem solvers who can formulate accurate hypotheses for the future (Butt, 2008). One of the key strengths of the personal construct system is that the theory has allowed for reliable behavioural predictions to be made on an individual basis and throughout adult life which do not rely upon preconstructed personality traits or genetic factors (Butt, 2008). For example, personality trait theory focuses upon quantifiable personality traits which are used to predict individual thought processes and behaviour (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). Trait theorists have argued that individual personalities individuals can be understood in terms of returning patterns of thoughts, emotions and behaviour which can be scientifically examined using quantitative methodologies (John, Robins Pervin, 2008). However, there are a number of issues and implications relating to stereotype colliery when all individuals are categorised dependent upon their personality traits. To demonstrate this Lee and Adams-Webber (1987) conducted a projective test of the golden section hypothesis in a perosnltiy trait stereotypy setting. The golden raio is normally used in mathematics and refers to two quantifiable objects being in the golden ration if their ratio is equal to the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two objects qunantitities.Lee and Adams-Webber (1987) conducted a projective test o the golden section hypothesis during which twenty-fourtdents were required to complete a grid which categorise their personalities into ten comic book characters using twelve bipolar constructs as the basis for their selections such as â€Å"generous-mean†. The oerall results identified that the proportion of characters which were assigned to positive poles of constructs was 0.615 which was identified to be significantly in line with the golden section (approximately 0.618).That is, out of 2, 880 judgements, 1772 were identified to be positive in nature which suppo rt the mathematical model fo the golen section hypothesis. This These results suggest that the proportion of positive personality jusdemetns can be computed to be approximately 0.615 which is very close to the experimenters hypothesised estimate of 0.618. The experimenters have also reported that simpliar results were identified using similar sets of ersonality constructs. The study has also ifentified the negative aspects of negative judementss and stereotypes which can be construed base upo appearance nd impressiin the society.ons which cause individuals to assign a negative construct with further implications However, despite the limitations the trait theory approach to personality testing remains to be a popular choice by researchers due to the ability to provide an accurate description of an individuals personality which can be accurately assessed scientifically. Similarly to the person construct theory personality traits are universal and relevant regardless of age, race or gender however they are more concrete and less flexible which has formulated the theories main criticism (Ryckman, 2012). Furthermore, as th study by Lee and Adams-Webber (1987) demonstrated to an extent the trait theory approach does not adequately account for issues such as abnormal personality disorders and can encourage negative personality stereotypy (Chamorro-Premuzic, 2011). Throughout the history of personality theory, the hereditary and biological explanation has had a tendency to be overused in research. A substantive proportion of this work has relied heavily upont win and adoption studies. However, the reliance on such studies has caused a large amount of criticism in recent years where a more integrated approach to research has been favoured. Twin studies have a number of experimental biases including reliabilitu and replicability, the results tend not to be generalisable to the general population due to the unique nature of the twin relationship and nurturing environment (Eaves, Eysneck, Martin Eaves, 2014). Loehlin, McCrae, Costa and John (1998) investigated the heritability fctor of the Big Five personality imensions using data taken from the National Merit Trwin study The researchers used behaviour-genetic models to identify similiarites bbtetween the three separate measures the results of the model identifie that the Big Five personality dime sntions were significantly heritable and substantially so which was ine wih other similar studies. No significant variation was identified between gender, for measures agreeableness and conscientiousnsess shared environment was found to be measure specific and for estraversiona nd neuroticisim models which ncorporated a genetic element provided better fits.The results from†¦ are consistent across the majority of twin and genetic base studies for all five of the Big Five Personality Facts. For example, Jang, Liversley Vemon (1996) identified the following braod genetic influence on the five demensions of Neuroticism, extraversion, Openness, Agreeableneess, and Conscentiousness at 41%, 53%, 61%, 41% and 44% rerospectovely. Overall, it has been concluded that there is a strong genetic component to the individual differences basis to theories of personality which overwhelms theories of learnt traits (Ryckman, 2013). Overall, when Kelly’s theory of personality is compared to the humanist, behaviourist and psychodynamic theories, the approach provides an accurate scientific model for understanding personality and one which can be applied without limitation in childhood and adulthood. Personal construct theory has a significant streghth in its detailed and holistic view which has significantly increased understanding in individual differences in regardto personality rather than theoryies such as the trait theory (Eynsneck) which has viewed personality as being biologically determined and et in rigid categories which leaves little room for individual adaption and variation (ref).( Langdridge Taylor, 2007). However, there are issues of generalisability with the personal construct theory which are less of an issue compared with other approachs such as thetrai thery, References Allport, G. W. (1937).Personality. Holt, New York. Butt, T. (2008). George Kelly: The psychology of personal constructs (Mind shapers). Palgrave Macmillan: USA. Bleidorn, W., Klander, C., Caspi, A. (2014). The behavioural genetics ofpersonality development in adulthood- classic, contemporary and future trends. European journal of personality, 28, 244-245. Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2011). Personality and individual differences 2nd edition. John Wiley and Sons, UK. Cervone, D. (2013). Personality psychology. John Wiley and Sons, UK. Chiari, G. (2013). Emotion in personal construct theory: A controversial question.Journal of constructvist psychology, 26, 249-261. Eysenck, M., Keane, M, T. (2010). Cognitive psychology: A student’s handbook, 6th edition.Psychology press, USA. Eaves, L, J., Eysench, H, J., Martin, N, G, L, ., Eaves, J. (2014). Genes,culture, and personality: An empirical approach. Academic press limited, London. Frankl, V, E. (2008). Man’s search fofr meaning.Rider and Co, USA> Geller, L. (1982). The failure of self-actualization theory. A critique of Carl Rogersand Abraham Maslow. Journal of humanistic psychology, 22, 56-73. Jang, K, L., Livesly, W, J., Vemon, P, A. (1996). Heritability of the Big FivePersonality dimensions and their facests: A twin study. Journal of personality, 64, 577-592. John, O, P., Robins, R, W., Pervin, L, A. (2008). Handbook of personality, third edition : Theory and research. The Guildford press, New York. Kelly, G. (1963). Theory of personality: Psychology of personal constructs. W. W. Norton and Company, New York. Lee, C., Adams-Webber, J. (1987). A ‘projective’ test of the golden sectionhypothesis. Social behaviour and personality, 15, 169-175. Loehlin, J, C, McCroe, R, R., Costa, P, T., John, O, P. (1998). Heritabilities of common and measure-specific component off the big five personality factors. Journal of research in personality, 32, 431-453. Langdridge, D., Taylor, S. (2007). Critical readings in social psychology. The open university press, UK. Maktby, J., Day, L., Macaskill, A. (2007). Personality, Individual Differences and Intelligence 3rd edition. Pearson education limited, UK. Rogers, C, R. (1947). Some observations on the organization of personality.American psychologist, 2, 358-368. Rogers, C, R. (1963). The concept of the fully functioning person. Psychotherapy: Theory, research and practice, 1, 170-126. Ryckman, R. (2012). Theories of personality. Wadsworth publishing Co Inc, USA. Raskin, J,, D. (2013). Thinking,, feeling, and being human. Journal of constructivist psychology, 26, 181-186.

WalMart :: essays papers

WalMart Sam Walton, a leader with an innovative vision, started his own company and made it into the leader in discount retailing that it is today. Through his savvy, and sometimes unusual, business practices, he and his associates led the company forward for thirty years. Today, four years after his death, the company is still growing steadily. Wal-Mart executives continue to rely on many of the traditional goals and philosophies that Sam's legacy left behind, while simultaneously keeping one step ahead of the ever-changing technology and methods of today's fast-paced business environment. The organization has faced, and is still facing, a significant amount of controversy over several different issues; however, none of these have done much more than scrape the exterior of this gigantic operation. The future also looks bright for Wal-Mart, especially if it is able to strike a comfortable balance between increasing its profits and recognizing its social and ethical responsibilities. Why is Wal-Mart so Successful? Is it Good Strategy or Good Strategy Implementation? -- In 1962, when Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart store in Rogers, Arkansas, no one could have ever predicted the enormous success this small-town merchant would have. Sam Walton's talent for discounts retailing not only made Wal-Mart the world's largest retailer, but also the world's number one retailer in sales. Indeed, Wal-Mart was named "Retailer of the Decade" by Discount Store News in 1989, and on several occasions has been included in Fortune's list of the "10 most admired corporations." Even with Walton's death (after a two-year battle with bone cancer) in 1992, Wal-Mart's sales continue to grow significantly. Wal-Mart is successful not only because it makes sound strategic management decisions, but also for its innovative implementation of those strategic decisions. Regarded by many as the entrepreneur of the century, Walton had a reputation for caring about his customers, his employees (or "associates" as he referred to them), and the community. In order to maintain its market position in the discount retail business, Wal-Mart executives continue to adhere to the management guidelines Sam developed. Walton was a man of simple tastes and took a keen interest in people. He believed in three guiding principles: 1. Customer value and service; 2. Partnership with its associates; 3. Community involvement (The Story of Wal-Mart, 1995). WalMart :: essays papers WalMart Sam Walton, a leader with an innovative vision, started his own company and made it into the leader in discount retailing that it is today. Through his savvy, and sometimes unusual, business practices, he and his associates led the company forward for thirty years. Today, four years after his death, the company is still growing steadily. Wal-Mart executives continue to rely on many of the traditional goals and philosophies that Sam's legacy left behind, while simultaneously keeping one step ahead of the ever-changing technology and methods of today's fast-paced business environment. The organization has faced, and is still facing, a significant amount of controversy over several different issues; however, none of these have done much more than scrape the exterior of this gigantic operation. The future also looks bright for Wal-Mart, especially if it is able to strike a comfortable balance between increasing its profits and recognizing its social and ethical responsibilities. Why is Wal-Mart so Successful? Is it Good Strategy or Good Strategy Implementation? -- In 1962, when Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart store in Rogers, Arkansas, no one could have ever predicted the enormous success this small-town merchant would have. Sam Walton's talent for discounts retailing not only made Wal-Mart the world's largest retailer, but also the world's number one retailer in sales. Indeed, Wal-Mart was named "Retailer of the Decade" by Discount Store News in 1989, and on several occasions has been included in Fortune's list of the "10 most admired corporations." Even with Walton's death (after a two-year battle with bone cancer) in 1992, Wal-Mart's sales continue to grow significantly. Wal-Mart is successful not only because it makes sound strategic management decisions, but also for its innovative implementation of those strategic decisions. Regarded by many as the entrepreneur of the century, Walton had a reputation for caring about his customers, his employees (or "associates" as he referred to them), and the community. In order to maintain its market position in the discount retail business, Wal-Mart executives continue to adhere to the management guidelines Sam developed. Walton was a man of simple tastes and took a keen interest in people. He believed in three guiding principles: 1. Customer value and service; 2. Partnership with its associates; 3. Community involvement (The Story of Wal-Mart, 1995).

Identifying the Genetic Material

Frederick Griffith, a bacteriologist, was trying to prepare a vaccine against the pneumonia-causing bacterium, S. pneumoniae. A vaccine is a substance that is prepared from killed or weakened microorganisms and is introduced into the body to protect the body against future infections by the microorganisms. Griffin worked with 2 types, or strains of S. Pneumonia. The first strain is enclosed in a capsule made of polysaccharides. The capsule protects the bacterium from the body's defense systems; this helps make the microorganisms virulent, or able to cause disease. Because of the capsule, this strain of S. Pneumonia grows as smooth-edged (S) colonies when grown in a Petri dish. The second strain of S. Pneumonia lacks the polysaccharide capsule and does not cause disease. When grown in a Petri dish, the second strain forms rough-edged R colonies Griffith knew that mice infected with the S bacteria grew sick, and died, while mice infected with the R bacteria were not harmed. To determine whether the capsule on the S bacteria were causing the mice to die, Griffith injected the mice with dead S bacteria. The mice remained healthy. Griffith then prepared a vaccine of weakened S bacteria by raising their temperature to a point at which the bacteria were â€Å"heat-killed† meaning that they could no longer reproduce ( the capsule remained on the bacteria). When Griffith injected the mice with heat-killed S bacteria, the mice still lived. Thus, Griffith knew it was not the capsule on the S bacteria that killed the mice. He then mixed the harmless live R bacteria with the harmless heat killed S bacteria. Mice injected with this mixture of previously harmless preparations died. When Griffith examined the blood of the dead mice, he found that the live R bacteria had required polysaccharide capsules. Somehow, the harmless R bacteria had changed and became virulent S bacteria. Griffith had discovered what is now called transformation, a change in phenotype caused when bacterial cells take up foreign genetic material. But the cause of the transformation was not known at the time. Avery's experiments An elegant series of experiments showed that the activity of the material esponsible for transformation was not affected by protein-destroying enzymes, but the activity was stopped by a DNA- destroying enzyme. In this way, almost 100 years after Mendel's experiments were performed, Oswald Avery and his co-workers, biologists at the Rockefeller Institute, in NYC, demonstrated that DNA is the material responsible for transformation. DNA had the instructions for the making of the capsule in the S strain of S. Pneumonia. III. Hershey and Chase Show that Virus Genes Are Made of DNA. Scientists knew that proteins were important to many aspects of cell structure and metabolism, so most of them suspected that proteins were the genetic material. They also knew very little about DNA, so they could not imagine how DNA could carry genetic information. A. Viruses reveal DNA's role Alfred Hershey, and Martha Chase, performed an experiment that settled the controversy. It was known at the time that viruses, which were much simpler then cells, are made of DNA ( or sometimes RNA) surrounded by a protective protein coat. Bacteriophage, also referred to as phage are viruses that infect bacteria. It was also known that when phage are able to produce more viruses, which are released when the bacterial cells rupture. Hershey and Chase knew that the only molecule in the phage that contained phosphorus was its DNA. Likewise, the only phage molecules that contained sulfur were the proteins in it coat. Hershey and Chase used these differences in chemical composition to carry out the experiment. Steps T2 phages were grown with E. coli bacteria in a nutrient medium containing either 35S or 32P E. oli were infected with either 35S- or 32P- labeled phages. The infected E. coli were mixed and then spun. Each layer was tested for radioactivity. The 35S label was found only in the upper layer containing the virus's parts. The 32P label was found mostly in the lower layer containing the E. coli. Upon infection, the phages protein coat falls away. They inject their DNA into the E. coli, causing the E. coli to make more viral DNA and proteins. These important experiments, and many others since, have shown that DNA is the molecule that stores genetic information in living cells.

Women in the Media essays

Women in the Media essays There is literally and epidemic which has spread around the world over the past thirty years or so. This is a health problem, both physical and mental, that isnt caused by an elusive bacteria or a yet unnamed virus. This health problem is caused by greed. The corporate greed of big business which preys upon the physical and mental images of the consumer. The advertising and marketing companies of the world use stereotypical images and unrealistic ideals in order to sell their products. The result of this media bacteria is that the consumer, either consciously or subconsciously, risks severe physical and mental heath problems by trying to conform to the images portrayed. This paper will discuss the way in which women are presented in the media and the devastating effects this has had on the female population. This paper will show the current health risks related to the media image of the young women in America. The health risk is both physical and mental. In an article entitled The Portrayal of Men and Women in TV Ads Danielle Limpinnian states: From the images inflicted upon us in the patriarchal mass medial that surrounds us, it is assumed that we have been encouraged to mold ourselves into a set ideal. For women, that means having beauty, elegance, passivity and good domestic ability... Ms. Limpinnian goes on to discuss how the female image is portrayed in various TV commercials. Using her own research through small group discussions based on certain types of TV ads she demonstrates that the women are usually placed in a submissive role when doing any job that might require brains or creativity. Women are usually the experts only when it comes to womens products or a message that tends to portray the women as the expert in household management. From the home page of Rebecca Zarchifoff there is an article that brings two new terms to the discussion of ...

Foster School of Business - University of Washington

Foster School of Business - University of Washington The Michael G. Foster School of Business is part of the University of Washington, a Seattle-based university that hosts one of the most respected medical schools in the world. Foster School of Business is a public business school that is the second oldest institution of management education on the West Coast. It is well-known for being consistently ranking among the best undergraduate and graduate business schools in the world. The school, which includes a number of newly constructed facilities, is housed on the main University of Washington campus. Address:  PACCAR Hall, Seattle, WA 98195Phone: 206-685-3400Website: foster.uw.edu Foster School of Business Academics What puts Foster above competing business schools is its world-class faculty and robust student experiences. Students can expect a quality business education and excellent preparation in areas like accounting, entrepreneurship, international business, and management. Traditional classroom studies are supplemented by structured student experiences like case competitions, consulting projects, international experiences, independent study, and internships. The career placement rate is also exceptional (nearly 100%), especially among MBA students. Foster School of Business Culture Foster School of Business prides itself on diversity, and this dedication to inclusiveness can be seen in the schools academic programs, student experiences, and relationships with area businesses and the community. Undergraduate Programs The undergraduate program at Foster School of Business awards a Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration (BABA). Students take a combination of general education, non-business, and business courses throughout the 180-credit program. Formal areas of study include accounting, finance, entrepreneurship, marketing, information systems, and operations and supply chain management. Students can also customize their education by designing their own program. Undergraduate students can even earn certificates outside of the BABA program in areas like sales and international studies in business. MBA Programs Foster offers a range of MBA program options for students with every type of schedule and career goal: Full-time MBA - Two-year full-time programEvening MBA - Three-year part-time programExecutive MBA - 21-month program with two schedule optionsGlobal Executive MBA - 12-month full-time programTechnology Management MBA - 18-month work-compatible program Masters Programs For a student who would prefer a specialized masters to an MBA, Forster offers the following programs: Master of Professional Accounting - A three-quarter-long (September-June) professional program that prepares students to sit for the CPA exam  Master of Science in Information Systems - A one-year masters program with a focus on the role of information technology and IT solutionsMaster of Supply Chain Management - A one year masters program with a focus on global sourcing of goods and local distribution and fulfillment Other Programs Foster School of Business also offers executive education programs and a Ph.D. Program in Business Administration with specializations in accounting, finance, information systems, management, marketing, operations management, and technology entrepreneurship. Graduate-level students who dont want to earn a degree can complete certificate courses in entrepreneurship and global business. Foster School of Business Admissions Paths to admission to Foster vary depending on the program you are applying to. Applications are competitive at every level of education (undergraduate and graduate), but competition is especially fierce for the MBA program, which has a small entering class size (just over 100 students). Entering MBA students at Foster have an average of 5 years of work experience and an average GPA of 3.35. Read more about Foster admission requirements and application deadlines.

Strategic Thinking for Wal-Mart business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Thinking for Wal-Mart business - Essay Example According to Altier (1991, p.21), â€Å"to survive in tomorrow’s increasingly competitive world, companies are going to adopt a modus operandi that is coming to be known as strategic thinking.† Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is one of those successful industries that are using strategic thinking to achieve competitive advantage within the retailing industry. According to a retail consultant Patricia Pao, â€Å"in successful retailing, it’s usually 10% of a great idea and 90% execution, but at Wal-Mart 90% goes into strategic thinking and just 10% execution at the store level† (cited in Gogoi, n.d.). The main thrust of this paper is to examine and analyze the role and impact of strategic thinking for the competitive options of Wal-Mart. 2.0 Wal-Mart Stores Inc. Wal-Mart is one of the successful retailers in terms of sales volume, revenue, and market share. This 40-year old company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, and it dominated the local market of the United Stat es and other countries. Wal-Mart began to trade in the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol NYSE: WMT and became one of the most reliable stocks because its investment risk is not alarming. The business is operating globally, and its top competitors include Target Corporation, Costco Wholesale, and Carrefour. Wal-Mart net sales in 2008 ($373.8), 2009 ($401.1) and 2010 ($405.0) are growing at lower rates, and its return on investment (ROI) is not changing nor growing at 19.3% (Walmart 2010 Annual Report, n.d.a). These figures only indicate that Wal-Mart’s performance in the past years is struggling caused by ineffective plans and techniques. Aside from internal defects, the sluggish growth can also be attributed to external elements such as intense competition (local & international) and economic instability caused by recession. As Wal-Mart’s life cycle gets into the maturity stage, the number of powerful competitors has increased because the rate of sales an d profits are high; however, the overall growth of the industry is at a very slow-paced manner. Cost at this level is lesser because of expansion and scale economies, but promotional activities need to be uplifted to make customers more knowledgeable about the product and service offerings. In fact, Wal-Mart executives have doubled their advertising expenses this year just to reach a broad group of consumers (Martin, 2011). Furthermore, Wal-Mart has experienced the most intense competition, which in turn has lowered its sales and market share. However, it remained as the world’s largest corporation based on the Global 500 and Fortune 500 annual ranking despite poor sales and market share (DuBois, 2011). In addition, it is also recognized as the most admired company because it produced a wide variety of product and services, highest-quality service to customers, and offered the lowest prices of retail goods. â€Å"CEO Bill Simon has freely admitted to Wal-Mart’s misste ps in the past, which included prematurely removing profitable products, overly aggressive rollbacks, and poor relationships with merchants† (Sun, 2010). Thus, to regain its market share and high record sales, executives have concentrated on seeking and developing new approaches through strategic thinking. They go back to the basic, but this time they are more observant to their environment and turn into an out-of-the box thinker. They have gathered as much

Analysing Finances Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analysing Finances - Essay Example Additionally, how the company’s share price has been throughout a year, what the audit report is saying about the company’s financial position and performance, whether it provides a positive healthy financial position or the audit report raises some doubts over some aspects of the company. In addition, an investor must try to gain understanding that how the company has obtained the financial numbers, it would be only possible by knowing its corporate strategies. Many reasons require obtain such information. For investors only relying on the provided annual report would be insufficient to convince them as recently many huge companies despite showing a remarkably healthy financial position become bankrupt and declared their bankruptcy; among them, the debacle of energy giant Enron, declared bankruptcy in late 2001 (Barreveld, 2002, pp.118). Additionally, third party evaluation presents more realistic as there are less chances of conflict of interest. Among them, the credi t rankings issued by different ranking companies may offer some help as the ranking companies do not have, most of the time, any direct link or business dealing with the corporate companies. References Barreveld, D.J. (2002), â€Å"The Enron Collapse: Creative Accounting, Wrong Economics or Criminal Acts† USA: IUniverse.

International Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What International Law Is - Essay Example In an interesting twist of paradox, despite the pervasive and dynamic nature of international law, there has never been any lawmaking organ for the same. On the contrary, international law is a culmination of international accords, compromises, charters, conventions, agreements, protocols, memoranda, tribunals, and treaties. The history of international law can be traced as far back as 1815 when Austria’s prince Klemens W. von Metternich led other leading diplomats such as France’s Prince Talleyrand, Britain’s Duke of Wellington, Russia’s Tsar Alexander I, and Prussia’s King Frederick William into the Metternich System. This congressional approach to diplomacy is alternatively known as the Concert of Europe or the Congress System. From this development, international relations is seen to have developed, as Britain, Russia, Prussia, France and other players met in succeeding convents in the Congress of Vienna and Aix la Chappelle (1818). Imperialism and the quest to garner as many colonies as possible created the need to meet and draw out laws that would regulate how states related, even as they clamored for colonies. It is at this point that colonies’ and protectorates’ geopolitical boundaries were mapped out during the 1884-5 Berlin Conference to stave off the possibility of war in Europe over colonies. In this conference, the frameworks for public international law were laid, albeit in a remote sense. The League of Nations also served as a rallying point for international law, as states came together under its auspices to prevent a repeat of World War I. Of particular importance is Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points, which strongly laid foundation for international trade, diplomacy, territorial integrity (in relation to the sea, land, and air), and human rights and freedoms among other principles. Although Wilson’s proposals were not adopted fully, one can see that they greatly upheld public and pri vate international law. As time proved the goals of the League of Nations untenable, the United Nations came up on June 26th, 1945, to facilitate international law, security, and socio-economic development. Over time, the United Nations has come to be the key platform upon which international law and diplomacy are deliberated, entrenched, and ratified. The UN has mechanisms that deal with thematic issues such as treaties, the law of seas, progressive development, and codification of international law and the internal justice system of the UN. Likewise, the UN has international courts and tribunals, legal training, resources, centers, and UN bodies to preside over international legal matters. Some of these bodies include the International Law Commission, the General Assembly Sixth Committee, and the UN Commission on International Trade Law (Rabkin, 2005). Together with sovereign states, all these organs play a crucial role in the generation of international law. Substantive differenc es between municipal (domestic) and international law abound. While municipal law governs intra-state relations, international law does inter-state relations. Secondly, the principal goal of municipal law is to ensure the existence of judicial and legislative systems that can enforce laws and  settle disputes effectively, on the one hand.

Entrepreneurial Finance Course Essay Example for Free

Entrepreneurial Finance Course Essay ICampus: download case study + 6 questions (9am to 6pm end) Doyen A015 to A023 : we have the locals: tell him what we want (we have to book the locals) Entrepreneurial finance Different case studies cover the four parts (follow the IPO of Facebook) Project assessment: some toughts on business plan case studies: the knots and cachet tehnologies Introduction All these elements fits together. Business plan has to be written. Not a real predictor for success. People: ask you some questions Deal: as you do for edocs. Introduction Key elements that predict success. * Team : you need good managers Not only a good team but a team that fits with the project * Are you able to defend or create a competitive advantage? Is it special? Are people ready to pay for it? =gt; KEY * You have to know the different steps * How to extract value? You should make money! That’s key. For example: Facebook: out of the market in 5 year? Maybe. Not succeeding on smartphones! Are they ready to make money? Extract money from your customers? * Context * Deals should have the rights incentives. You have to find the right partner who ad value not only funding. * .. People To success you need the right person. For example: cachet technologies: lack of management. Opportunity Market: what is the size of the market? The growth rate? Attractiveness of industry: obvious Customers: Selling price is not a production cost + margin. It’s what your customer is ready to pay. When your able to produce this at a lower cost, you make a margin. What is the cost to acquire a new customer? Important. And how to retain a customer? Difficult or not? Competition: Very good market and customers BUT maybe the competition is very hard. Chance of success will be maybe very low. Pay attention. Graphical tools to understand a business model Sales forecast selling price cost =gt; makes you able to calculate the future cash flow. Usely it is like on the graph. Scenario 1 is what you expect but in real life it’s usely scenario two (more time to make money) or scenario three. When you negotiate you first funding, you know you will need a second round (scenario 2). (Give not to much right in the first round to the funding persons) What’s acceptable? Context * Legality? * Today is not the best market to raise money or to go to an IPO * Today? I believe smartphones is an opportunity. Deals Find the right partner! He may understand what you are doing. Everyone has to understand the terms. * Because you need the right incentives. The two parties have to be comfortable. * .. * .. * The right incentive: the profit of the entrepreneur is in line with the success of the company. He has to share the success of the company. Or to lose all his money in case of not success. * .. Case studies The Knot * We asked us these questions. No one had experience in retail services * Barriers for entry were very low so they need to create a brand. * .. * Internet was a very fast growing market. * 1997: a lot of venture capitalist were very active to spend their money on internet. Today? Two sectors. Biotechnology (here in LLN! ) amp; Green energy? (funding comes more from state etc. ) amp; applications on smart phones. * Basic principle: the source of value is cash flow! What is the capacity of this company to generate cash flow! You cannot value a company when you say we will have 1 million customers. Like Facebook 100 billion Where comes the value from? Not from the cash flow they are making today. They make 1 billion cash flow today You want to pay 100 times this They want to raise 10 billion in their IPO (22-28 â‚ ¬ per share) It could make sense if they will made a cash flow of 15 billion/year. Is Facebook capable? If you want to speculate, cash flow does not matter. But if you want to invest, look at the cash flows. (here, in the course, we think investors) Types of securities: the entrepreneur needs to share to company success. It’s like an option. Preferred convertible. Founder: 100 VC: 100 If lt;100 all the money goes to the VC (they protect themselves) * Or you failed: the VC takes all te money and sell your company Or you succeed and the VC helps you with your IPO. There is not really a situation between the two. Cachet Technologies Main question: do we continue the project? Dilemma: Two options:

Corporate Culture Essay -- Business Company Goals Essays

Corporate Culture Utilising the video case study of ‘Egg Finance’ (Slave Nation, Channel 4), critically examine the extent to which corporate culture is used as an effective tool for the achievement of organizational goals. Corporate Culture is widely used in many organisations and has a variety of definitions. It has been defined by Koozes, Caldwell & Posner cited by Moorhead/Griffin, (1989:494) as: â€Å"a set of shared, enduring beliefs communicated through a variety of symbolic media, creating meaning in people’s work lives.† The argument to be taken in this essay will identify the usefulness and necessity for corporate culture to gain organizational success. In order to do this the argument will be utilized by supporting the theories of Emile Durkheim, Carol Axtell Ray, Terrance Deal and Allen Kennedy. Qubein (1999:2), cited by Sadri and Lees, states that,† corporate culture encompasses several key elements.† He adds, â€Å"It is fostered not merely by a mission statement, but by a clear corporate vision which is a mental picture of the company’s desired future.† It is not only the managers who should have this clear vision, the employees ought to perceive this as well. They should feel the need that they want to help to achieve the organizations goals. When organisations follow corporate culture, they try to make their employees feel that they belong and are accepted for who they are, thus making them want to work for the company. Attempt is made to make the employees feel that their organisation is their religion. This has been clearly demonstrated in Egg Finance. Corporate culture has been extensively used in Egg Finance, and in doing so have captured the hearts and minds of their employees. Each employee working for Egg Finance feels that â€Å"Egg† is their life. They feel safe and secure and feel that they are affiliated to the company. Carol Ray (1994) agrees with this as being part of corporate culture as she states that:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"a corporation’s culture has an important purpose to promote a sense of belongingness to the employees.† This has definitely worked for the employees at Egg. They even go to the extent of calling themselves an â€Å"egg person.† This ties in with the corporate cultural belief of Emile Durkheim and his approach. Egg Finance have tried to create an â€Å"Egg World† for their employees. They have many out-of-work... ...cess of the company. As Edgar Schein portrays it, â€Å"The right kind of culture will influence how effective organisations are.† (Edgar H. Schein, 1992, Organisational Culture and leadership) Works Cited †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thompson, P., & Mchugh, P. 2002, Work Organisations. 3rd ed, Palgrave, New York. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Channel 4 Productions, 2000, Slave Nation, Egg Finance. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Huczynski, A., & Buchanan, D. 2001, Organisational behaviour: An introductory text. 4th ed, Prentice Hall. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moorhead, G., & Griffin, R. 1989, Organizational behavior. 2nd ed, Houghton Mifflin Company, U.S.A. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sadri, G., Lees, B. 2001, â€Å"Developing corporate culture as a competitive advantage.†; The Journal of Management Development, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 853-859. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ogbor, J.O., Jesse J.H.2001, â€Å"Critical theory and the hegemony of corporate culture†; The Journal of Organisational Change Management, vol 14, no. 6, pp. 590-608. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ray, Carol in Clark, H et al, 1994, Organisation and Identities, Chapmen 2 Hall. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schein, E.H. 1992, Organizational culture and leadership. 2nd ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schermerhorn, J. 2002, Management. 7th ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Cougar or Coyote Essay

The trickster is an important archetype in any religion or myth because it provides an outlet for all of the chaotic and destructive emotions and tendencies of a people that are controlled by a larger social construct. It is through a trickster figure that people of a religion or society are able to explore the more untamed side of their nature while additionally presenting them with the consequences of those desires. The trickster is a figure that at once both mocks social morals and at the same time also reinforces those morals by showing the pandemonium and trouble that arises if the people do not follow the rules that are in place. The trickster also allows the people of a religion to express ideas and desires that might not ordinarily be acceptable in their society. In this way the trickster plays a very important and cathartic role in a religion or myth. Penelope, from Homers The Odyssey, is a woman of grit and spirit. Ellen Shull declares in her essay â€Å"Valuing Multiple Critical Approaches: Penelope, Again†¦ and Again† that Penelope is â€Å"the paragon of resilient womanhood† (32). However, a trickster god, like Monkey from Wu Ch’eng-en’s novel Monkey, and a mortal woman like Penelope appear to have nothing in common. Their roles are so different and their apparent purposes are even more so. On the surface it may seem as though Penelope from The Odyssey shares very little resemblance with a trickster god. However, when one takes a closer look the similarities become more obvious. Penelope is at once a powerful figure that adheres to the social norms of her patriarchal society while still rebelliously challenging the acknowledged rules of how a woman should behave. This can be seen as how a trickster like Monkey is used in myth to subvert a society’s own beliefs. Penelope is the other side of the coin of what it means to be a trickster. She is the female version as it were. Penelope may not be male, amoral, animal, or supernatural but she is cunning, childish, inventive, and she also a subversive figure within her patriarchal society. The most obvious source of incompatibility of Penelope being a trickster is that she is female while the trickster is usually a male like Monkey. Now, unless Penelope was even more deceitful than anyone had ever imagined then it is safe to say that she is not a trickster god based on that one quality alone. Leeming states that the trickster is â€Å"always male† (163). Obviously, Penelope is not male which means that she is, according to Leeming, not a trickster god, no exceptions. But if Leeming were to make an exception then Penelope would be one. Penelope is a woman who must work against all the restrictions and suffocating bounds that her society uses to leash women in order to trick the people surrounding her and she does. â€Å"She deceives the suitors and even her own husband† (Mueller, 337). Penelope even has long lasting deceptions that fool people for years. The sexual organs Penelope was born with seem to be of little importance when compared to the massive opposing powers and influences that she if forced to undermine and battle against. The next point of disparity between Penelope and a trickster figure like Monkey is that the trickster is seen as a philandering, unprincipled, hooligan. The trickster is considered to be an ethically neutral figure with a propensity for getting into humorous predicaments. Leeming calls the trickster â€Å"amoral†¦outrageous†¦ [and is] untamed by the larger social conscience†). Monkey is a perfect example of this side of a trickster. Monkey is not exactly immoral he just has his own sense of what the right thing to do is and he is overwhelmingly selfish. Every action and quest he takes at the beginning of his story is motivated by his desire to be immortal and to gain power. Even when Monkey protects his other monkey subjects he does so because he wants to maintain his kingship more than out of a fear for their safety and wellbeing. One could even posit that the monkeys would be better off without him because he brings the wrath of heaven down upon them. Monkey has all these qualities that Leeming states a trickster is comprised of. Penelope, on the other hand, is none of these things. In fact, she is usually remembered for her faithfulness to her husband even though he was gone for twenty years. Penelope â€Å"waits in Ithaca for Odysseus. She looks after his home, his son and his estate. She weeps lonely tears but nothing induces her to betray her husband and to neglect her duties, not even under pressure from the suitors does she contemplate infidelity† (Smit, 393-394). Her unwavering loyalty to her husband and her devotion to the gods are not the sort of characteristics seen in the trickster who typically represents lower or baser instincts and functions. Penelope is a classy lady but again she also has that side to her that rebels at the rules of her culture. Some might even call her a vain tease for keeping her suitors around for so long while never picking one or giving in to their masculine power. Penelope, also, does not fit in the trickster category because she is only human while a trickster is usually an animal. Leeming states that a trickster â€Å"takes animal form† (163). Monkey obviously fits into this category. Not only is he a monkey but he has mystical origins. He was born from a stone. In fact Monkey’s animal form is a point of ire for him because he in Monkey he tries become more and more human-like. He starts wearing clothes and stands upright in an attempt to appear more human. This fight between animal and human characteristics is vital in a trickster figure because that animal quality is in part what allows them to get away with their mischief. Penelope is no dog. Or any animal for that matter. She is in fact a very desirable woman with scores of suitors fighting for her hand in marriage. This does not help her in the trickster category but it does, however, show how her beauty and desirability are in part what allow her to get away with her schemes. Her beauty can even be seen as her animal side because it basically serves the same function that the animal form serves the trickster. An animal form, or in the case of Penelope, her beauty, is a metaphor of who they are and it allows them to be more completely that character and it allows them to do things that would not ordinarily be acceptable within that society. Penelope’s beauty is what allows her to subvert her patriarchal culture because her beauty gives her power over her suitors. She is a woman but she uses that to her advantage. It could also been seen that being a woman in the time of The Odyssey was akin to being an animal because it was such a male dominant culture where woman were little more than chattel or bargaining pieces. Maybe Penelope has more trickster qualities than are first apparent. The last way that Penelope does not fit into the trickster category is that she has no supernatural powers. Leeming â€Å"† (). She has no magical powers which show even further how she is not like a trickster. The trickster is almost always a supernatural figure. This category obviously denotes that a trickster has otherworldly abilities with which to influence outcomes. Penelope works entirely in the realm of her intelligence to bring about the results and tricks that she has concocted. This can make Penelope seem as being more skilled than a god who needs magic to bring about the outcome that he so desires. When compared to Penelope supernatural powers might be viewed as cheating.